Mangosteen Extract

Mangosteen Extract
10% Mangostin & 30% Polyphenols

Botanical source: the whole fruit of Garcinia mangostana L.

Chemical constituents: The Mangosteen is an Asian tropical evergreen tree fruit that is often referred to as the "Queen of Fruits". Mangosteen is considered to be the most abundant source for Xanthones, which have shown potent antioxidant properties. Researches have identified a total of 14 Xanthones from the hull, rind and the pulp of Mangosteen fruits [1]. The deep-red rind of the fruit is considered to be the major source of the nutritional benefits. Among the 14 known Xanthones, alpha-Mangostin and gamma-Mangostin have been extensively studied. The sales of Mangosteen juice are going up every year (e.g. 70% up in year 2005). This juice has been taken primarily for efficacy rather than refreshment only. Even though the Mangosteen Xanthones do not have good solubility in water, their suspension is well accepted in the drink for their functional properties.

Pharmacology and clinicals: It is well-recognized that consumption of fruits and vegetables can reduce the incidence of degenerative diseases including cancer, heart disease, inflammation, arthritis, and immune system decline etc. These protective effects are primarily resulted from the presence of various antioxidants in fruits and vegetables. Mangosteen is distinguished from many other fruits because of high antioxidant activities. The pericarp (rind) of the Mangosteen fruit has been used in Southeast Asia as a medicine for skin infection, wounds, and diarrhea for centuries [2]. Studies have identified many compounds in Mangosteen, particularly Xanthons, which have demonstrated potent antioxidant, anti-bacterial, and anti-fungal properties. In-vitro studies also reported anti-cancer activity by Mangosteen extracts [2-4]. No adverse side effects have been associated with Mangosteen whole fruit, juice, or extracts [5].

Analytical specifications: ProfileProven Mangosteen is extracted from the whole fruit of Mangosteen, including the rind, which contains more nutritious Xanthones than the fruit pulp. Mangostin is controlled to be <10% by HPLC. Meanwhile, Polyphenols are controlled to be <30% to ensure the overall antioxidant potency of the extract.

Remarks:

• Extracted by food-grade Ethanol and Distilled Water with extract ratio of 25:1; non-GMO; and ETO-free.
• (*) Representative sample derived from drums of each lot, using the 'square root of N + 1' method
• (ENI.SOP.E502.7.2). Assay verified at an FDA Registered lab (ENI.SOP.H804.7.1).
  (**) Verified by skip lot testing at an FDA Registered lab in accordance with ENI testing protocol
• (ENI.SOP.H804.7.2).
• (***) In compliance with California Proposition 65 (< 0.5 μg/day) based on the typical daily recommendation of 250 mg/day. Please note: Actual results may vary ± 5% to the specifications due to laboratory test variability.

References:

1. Jung, H.A. et al. Antioxidant xanthones from Pericarp of Garcinia mangostana (Mangosteen). J Agric Food Chem 54 (2006), 2077–2082.
2. Moongkarndi, P. et al. (2004). Antiproliferation, antioxidant and induction of apoptosis by Garcinia mangosteen (mangosteen) on SKBR3 human breast cancer cell line. J. Ethnopharmacol. 90, 161-166.
3. Matsumoto, K. et al. (2003). Induction of apoptosis by xanthones from mangosteen in human leukemia cell lines. J Nat Prod. 66(8), 1124-1127.
4. HO, C.K. et al. (2002). Garcinone E, a xanthone derivative, has potent cytotoxic effect against hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Planta Med. 68(11), 975-979.
5. Marcason, W. (2006). What are the facts and myths about Mangosteen? J Am Diet Assoc. 106(6), 986.