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Raintree Nutrition's Calaguala (kal-la-wall-la) Extract combines two species
of rainforest ferns (Polypodium leucotomos and Polypodium decumanum).
These plants are known locally as Calaguala (kal-la-wall-la), and samambaia in Latin
and South American countries. They are a rich source of lipids and fatty acids
and the therapeutic activity of the plants are attributed to these groups of
chemicals.* Within its lipids are a group of chemicals called
sulphoquinovo-syldiacylglycerols, (including those named calaguline or anapsos)
which have been documented and patented as part of the plant's "active"
chemicals.
Traditional Uses:* for psoriasis and other skin
conditions; for Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and memory problems; for coughs,
bronchitis, chest colds, and other upper respiratory problems; for autoimmune
disorders; as a general tonic (tones, balances, strengthens overall body
functions); a cellular-protector, and anti-aging aid
Ingredients: 100% pure Calaguala (kal-la-wall-la) rhizome (Polypodium leucotomos)
and samambaia rhizome and leaf (Polypodium decumanum) extracted in
distilled water and vegetable glycerine. No chemical additives or preservatives
are used. Concentration and extraction methods provide the equivalent of 500 mg
herb per milliliter of extract. This product is non-irradiated and
non-fumigated. It is a wild harvested product—grown naturally in the Amazon
rainforest without any pesticides or fertilizers.
Suggested Use: Take 60 drops (2 ml) three times daily. Can also be used
topically on the skin if desired.
Contraindications: Reports indicate that these plants may enhance the
effects of the heart drug digitalis (a medication commonly used to increase the
force of heart contractions in those diagnosed with certain heart conditions).
It is therefore contraindicated in combination with digitalis, and persons with
any heart condition should seek the advice of a qualified health practitioner
prior to using this product.
Drug Interactions: May potentiate the effects of digitalis and/or other
digitalis-type prescription heart drugs.
Third-Party Published
Research*
This Raintree product has not been the subject of any clinical research. All
available third-party research on can be found at
PubMed. A partial listing of the published research available is shown
below:
Anti-psoriasis Actions:
Navarro-Blasco, F. J., et al. “Modification of the inflammatory activity of
psoriatic arthritis in patients treated with extract of Polypodium leucotomos
(Anapsos).” Br. J. Rheumatol. 1998; 37(8): 912.
Vasange, M., et al. “A sulphonoglycolipid from the fern Polypodium decumanum
and its effect on the platelet activating factor receptor in human neutrophils.”
J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 1997; 49(5): 562–617.
Vasange, M., et al. “Flavonoid constituents of two Polypodium species
(Calaguala) and their effect on the elastase release in human neutrophils.”
Planta Med. 1997; 63(6): 511–17.
Vasange, M., et al. “The fern Polypodium decumanum, used in the treatment
of psoriasis, and its fatty acid constituents as inhibitors of leukotriene B4
formation.” Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Essent. Fatty Acids 1994; 50:
279–284.
Tuominen, M., et al. “Effects of calaguala and an active principle, adenosine,
on platelet activating factor.” Planta Med. 1992; 58(4): 306–10.
Jimenez, D., et al. “Anapsos, an antipsoriatic drug, in atopic dermatitis.”
Allergol. Immunopathol. 1987; 15(4):185–9.
Jimenez, D., et al. “Anapsos modifies immunological parameters and improves the
clinical course in atopic dermatitis.” Dermatologica 1986; 173(3):154–5.
Pineiro Alvarez, B. “2 years personal experience in anapsos treatment of
psoriasis in various clinical forms.” Med. Cutan. Ibero. Lat. Am. 1983;
11(1): 65–72.
Vargas, J., et al. “Anapsos, an antipsoriatic drug which increases the
proportion of suppressor cells in human peripheral blood.” Ann. Immunol.
1983; 134C(3):393–400.
Del Pino Gamboa, J., et al. “Comparative study between 120 mg. of anapsos and a
placebo in 37 psoriasis patients.” Med. Cutan. Ibero. Lat. Am. 1982;
10(3): 203–8.
Capella Perez, M. C., et al. “Double-blind study using ‘anapsos’ 120 mg. in the
treatment of psoriasis.” Actas Dermosifiliogr. 1981; 72(9-10): 487-94.
Mercadal Peyri, O., et al. “Preliminary communication on the treatment of
psoriasis with anapsos.” Actas Dermosifiliogr. 1981; 72(1–2): 65–8.
Padilla, H. C. “A new agent (hydrophilic fraction of Polypodium leucotomos)
for management of psoriasis.” Int. J. Dermatol. 1974; 13(5): 276–82.
Sunscreen & Skin Cellular Repair Actions:
Reyes, E., et al. “Systemic immunomodulatory effects of Polypodium leucotomos
as an adjuvant to PUVA therapy in generalized vitiligo: A pilot study.”
J. Dermatol. Sci. 2006 Jan 16;
Capote, R., et al. “Polypodium leucotomos extract inhibits trans-urocanic
acid photoisomerization and photodecomposition.” J. Photochem. Photobiol. B.
2005 Dec 30;
Middelkamp-Hup, M. A., et al. “Oral Polypodium leucotomos extract
decreases ultraviolet-induced damage of human skin.” J. Am. Acad. Dermatol.
2004 Dec; 51(6): 910-8.
Middelkamp-Hup, M. A., et al. “Orally administered Polypodium leucotomos
extract decreases psoralen-UVA- induced phototoxicity, pigmentation, and damage
of human skin.” J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2004; 50(1): 41-9.
Philips, N., et al. “Predominant effects of Polypodium leucotomos on
membrane integrity, lipid peroxidation, and expression of elastin and
matrixmetalloproteinase-1 in ultraviolet radiation exposed fibroblasts, and
keratinocytes.” J. Dermatol. Sci. 2003 Jun; 32(1): 1-9.
Alonso-Lebrero, J. L., et al. “Photoprotective properties of a hydrophilic
extract of the fern Polypodium leucotomos on human skin cells.” J.
Photochem. Photobiol. B. 2003 Apr; 70(1): 31-7.
Alcaraz, M. V., et al. “An extract of Polypodium leucotomos appears to
minimize certain photoaging changes in a hairless albino mouse animal model. A
pilot study.” Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. 1999; 15(3–4):
120–26.
Gonzalez, S., et al. “Topical or oral administration with an extract of
Polypodium leucotomos prevents acute sunburn and psoralen-induced phototoxic
reactions as well as depletion of Langerhans cells in human skin.”
Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. 1997; 13(1–2): 50–60.
Pathak, M. A., et al. “Polypodium extract as photoprotectant.” U.S. patent no.
5, 614, 197; 1997.
Gonzalez, S., et al. “Inhibition of ultraviolet-induced formation of reactive
oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, erythema and skin photosensitization by
Polypodium leucotomos.” Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. 1996;
12(2): 45
Mohammad A. “Vitiligo repigmentation with Anapsos (Polypodium leucotomos)."
Int. J. Dermatol. 1989; 28(7): 479.
Anti-Alzheimer’s & Brain Cell Protection Actions:
Alvarez, X. A., et al. “Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study
with anapsos in senile dementia: effects on cognition, brain bioelectrical
activity and cerebral hemodynamics." Methods Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol.
2000; 22(7): 585–94.
Cacabelos, R., et al. “A pharmacogenomic approach to Alzheimer’s disease.”
Acta Neurol. Scand. Suppl. 2000; 176: 12–19.
Alvarez, X. A., et al. “Anapsos improves learning and memory in rats with
Beta-Amyloid (1-28) deposits in the hippocampus” Progress in Alzheimer's and
Parkinson’s Diseases, Ed. Fisher, A., Yoshida, M. and Hannin, I., Plenum
Press, New York, 1998; pp. 699-703
Nikolov, R. “Alzheimer's disease therapy - an update.” Drug News Perspect.
1998 May; 11(4): 248-55.
Alvarez, X. A., et al. “Anapsos reverses interleukin-1 beta overexpression and
behavioral deficits in nbM-lesioned rats.” Methods Find. Exp. Clin.
Pharmacol. 1997; 19(5): 299–309.
Fernandez-Novoa, L., et al. “Effects of Anapsos on the activity of the enzyme
Cu-Zn-superoxide dismutase in an animal model of neuronal degeneration.”
Methods Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. 1997; 19(2): 99–106.
Quintanilla A. E., et al. “Pharmaceutical composition of activity in the
treatment of cognitive and/or neuroimmune dysfunctions.” U.S. patent no.
5,601,829; 1997.
Anti-inflammatory Actions:
Punzon, C., et al. “In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Phlebodium
decumanum. Modulation of tumor necrosis factor and soluble TNF receptors.”
Int. Immunopharmacol. 2003; 3(9): 1293-9.
Manna, S. K., et al. ”Calagualine inhibits nuclear transcription factors-kappaB
activated by various inflammatory and tumor promoting agents.” Cancer Lett.
2003; 190(2): 171-82.
Navarro-Blasco, F. J., et al. “Modification of the inflammatory activity of
psoriatic arthritis in patients treated with extract of Polypodium leucotomos
(Anapsos).” Br. J. Rheumatol. 1998; 37(8): 912.
Immune Modulating Actions:
Reyes, E., et al. “Systemic immunomodulatory effects of Polypodium leucotomos
as an adjuvant to PUVA therapy in generalized vitiligo: A pilot study.”
J. Dermatol. Sci. 2006 Jan 16;
Nogal-Ruiz, J. J., “Modulation by Polypodium leucotomos extract of
cytokine patterns in experimental trichomoniasis model.” Parasite. 2003
Mar; 10(1): 73-8.
Sempere-Ortells, J. M., et al. “Anapsos (Polypodium leucotomos) modulates
lymphoid cells and the expression of adhesion molecules.” Pharmacol. Res.
2002; 46(2): 185–90.
Gonzalez, S., et al. “An extract of the fern Polypodium leucotomos
(Difur) modulates Th1/Th2 cytokines balance in vitro and appears to
exhibit anti-angiogenic activities in vivo: Pathogenic relationships and
therapeutic implications.” Anticancer Res. 2000; 20(3a): 1567–75.
Sempere-Ortells , J. M., et al. “Effect of Anapsos (Polypodium leucotomos
extract) on in vitro production of cytokines.” Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol.
1997; 43(1): 85–9.
Bernd, A., et al. “In vitro studies on the immunomodulating effects of
Polypodium leucotomos extract on human leukocyte fractions.”
Arzneimittelforschung. 1995; 45(8): 901–4.
Rayward, J. et al. ”Polypodium leucotomos (PL), an herbal extract,
inhibits the proliferative response of T. lymphocytes to polyclonal mitogens.”
Second Intl. Cong. on Biol. Response Modifiers, San Diego, U.S.A. 1993.
Tuominen, M., et al., “Enhancing effect of extract Polypodium leucotomos
on the prevention of rejection on skin transplants” Phytotherapy Research
1991; 5: 234–37.
Antioxidant Actions:
Garcia, F., et al. "Phenolic components and antioxidant activity of Fernblock,
an aqueous extract of the aerial parts of the fern Polypodium leucotomos."
Methods Find Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. 2006 Apr; 28(3): 157-60.
Gombau, L., et al. “Polypodium leucotomos extract: Antioxidant activity
and disposition.” Toxicol. In Vitro. 2006 Jun; 20(4): 464-71.
Gomes, A. J., et al. “The antioxidant action of Polypodium leucotomos extract
and Kojic acid: Reactions with reactive oxygen species.” Braz. J. Med. Biol.
Res. 2001; 34(11): 1487–94.
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